1023
1,023 is 2¹⁰ − 1, the largest value a ten-bit number can hold.
- Odd
- Composite
Where 1023 fits
Why 1023 is special
Ten bits is what high-dynamic-range video gives each colour channel, against eight for ordinary images — so 1,023 rather than 255 is the ceiling on modern displays. It is also 1111111111 in binary and 3FF in hex, and one more than 1,023 is the kibibyte's 1,024, which is why the two are so easily confused.
Factors & digit properties
- Divisors (8)
- 1, 3, 11, 31, 33, 93, 341, 1023
- Prime factorisation
- 3 × 11 × 31
- Digit sum
- 6
- Digital root
- 6
Representations
- Decimal
- 1023
- Scientific notation
- 1.023 × 10^3
Roman numerals
M X X I I I
Binary
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 × 512 + 1 × 256 + 1 × 128 + 1 × 64 + 1 × 32 + 1 × 16 + 1 × 8 + 1 × 4 + 1 × 2 + 1 × 1 = 1,023
Octal
1 7 7 7
1 × 512 + 7 × 64 + 7 × 8 + 7 × 1 = 1,023
Hexadecimal
3 f f
3 × 256 + f × 16 + f × 1 = 1,023
Read as powers of two: 512 + 256 + 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 1,023.
In historical numeral systems
Egyptian
1 lotus, 2 hobbles, 3 strokes
1 × 1,000 + 2 × 10 + 3 × 1 = 1,023. The signs are simply repeated and added; where they sit on the line is a matter of layout, not value.
Babylonian
1 corner wedge + 7 vertical wedges (sixties place), 3 vertical wedges (units place)
17 × 60 + 3 = 1023. Places are separated by a space on the tablet, with the higher place written first.
Systems that simply cannot reach this value are left out. Where a script needs a font most readers do not have, the reading is given instead of the glyphs — see number systems for each system in full.
Other mathematical patterns
- Deficient number
- Lucky number (mathematical sieve)
Technology & computing
The largest value a ten-bit number can hold is 1023. Ten bits per colour channel is what high-dynamic-range video carries, against eight for ordinary images. The count of distinct levels is one more, and confusing the two is the most common error in colour-pipeline code.
DocumentedTechnology & computingGeography: worldwide
Common questions
Is 1023 a prime number?
No, 1023 is not prime.
What are the factors of 1023?
The factors of 1023 are 1, 3, 11, 31, 33, 93, 341, 1023.
What is 1023 in Roman numerals?
1023 in Roman numerals is MXXIII.
About this page's data
Mathematical facts:computed directly from the number's value — nothing to source or verify externally.
Contextual records: 1 reviewer-confirmed record, sourced and reviewed before publication.
Last reviewed: 15 July 2026