Numberwise

1709

1709 is the year coke smelting was first used for iron.

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Where 1709 fits

Where 1709 fits: Mathematics, Related numbersMathematics: Prime. Related numbers: 1712, 1779.MathematicsPrimeRelated numbers171217791709
1709 connects to 2 worlds: mathematics, related numbers.

Why 1709 is special

Abraham Darby's substitution of coke for charcoal removed the constraint that iron production depended on woodland. It is among the most consequential single changes of the Industrial Revolution.

1709 is part of

Prime numbers

Factors & digit properties

Divisors (2)
1, 1709
Prime factorisation
1709
Digit sum
17
Digital root
8

Representations

Decimal
1709
Binary
11010101101
Octal
3255
Hexadecimal
6ad
Roman numeral
MDCCIX
Scientific notation
1.709 × 10^3

Other mathematical patterns

  • Deficient number

Related numbers & connections

Connection
Coke smelting from 1709 freed iron production from woodland, and Newcomen's engine of 1712 pumped water from the mines that supplied the coal. The two advances reinforced each other.

Coke smelting from 1709 freed iron production from woodland, and Newcomen's engine of 1712 pumped water from the mines that supplied the coal. The two advances reinforced each other.

View 1712 →

Other connections

  • developed from1712
    why?

    Strength 0.50, confidence "high".

  • developed from1779
    why?

    Strength 0.50, confidence "high".

How is 1709 connected to another number? →

Technology & computing

  • Smelting iron with coke rather than charcoal from 1709 removed a hard ceiling: charcoal iron could only expand as fast as forests could regrow. Coal was effectively unlimited by comparison.

    DocumentedTechnology & computingGeography: EnglandPeriod: 1709

Common questions

Is 1709 a prime number?

Yes, 1709 is prime — it has exactly two positive divisors: 1 and itself.

What are the factors of 1709?

The factors of 1709 are 1, 1709.

What is 1709 in Roman numerals?

1709 in Roman numerals is MDCCIX.

About this page's data

Mathematical facts:computed directly from the number's value — nothing to source or verify externally.

Contextual records: 1 reviewer-confirmed record, sourced and reviewed before publication.

Last reviewed: 3 August 2026