10
10 is the base of the modern decimal number system, and the atomic number of neon.
- Even
- Composite
Where 10 fits
Why 10 is special
10's role as the near-universal counting base is generally attributed to a simple biological fact: humans have 10 fingers.
Same number, different meanings
How 10 is understood across different contexts — never implying one meaning because of another.
- Mathematics
10's role as the near-universal counting base is generally attributed to a simple biological fact: humans have 10 fingers.
- Science
10 is the atomic number of neon.
- Everyday life
The modern decimal (base-10) number system used almost worldwide is generally attributed to humans having 10 fingers — the most common physical counting aid across independently developed early number systems.
10 is part of
Factors & digit properties
- Divisors (4)
- 1, 2, 5, 10
- Prime factorisation
- 2 × 5
- Digit sum
- 1
- Digital root
- 1
Representations
- Decimal
- 10
- Binary
- 1010
- Octal
- 12
- Hexadecimal
- a
- Roman numeral
- X
- Scientific notation
- 1.000 × 10^1
Other mathematical patterns
- Triangular number
- Deficient number
- Happy number
- Semiprime
- Harshad (Niven) number
Related numbers & connections
10 is a factor of 100 (10 × 10 = 100).
View 100 →Mathematically related
- is a factor of100
why?
Strength 0.50, confidence "high".
Science
10 is the atomic number of neon.
DocumentedScience
Everyday life
The modern decimal (base-10) number system used almost worldwide is generally attributed to humans having 10 fingers — the most common physical counting aid across independently developed early number systems.
Widely documentedEveryday life
Common questions
Is 10 a prime number?
No, 10 is not prime.
What are the factors of 10?
The factors of 10 are 1, 2, 5, 10.
What is 10 in Roman numerals?
10 in Roman numerals is X.
About this page's data
Mathematical facts:computed directly from the number's value — nothing to source or verify externally.
Contextual records: 2 reviewer-confirmed records, sourced and reviewed before publication.
Last reviewed: 15 July 2026